Discussion

Relationship between the Pollution of the Global Commons and Sustainability.

Most Significant ethical issues related to the Pollution of the global commons.

Significance of pollution of the Global Commons in the business.

The global climate policy is one of the major concerns of transforming the governance of the atmosphere from an open view into the regime of global commons. Global commons is composed of the resource areas which exist outside the reach of the nation state.  Pollution of the global commons therefore raises a series of many challenges. Pollution of global commons as the consequence of the business and industrial activity and the discharge of household activity is the growing widespread concern in the environment. These concerns however arise due to the several reasons (Edenhofer et al. 2013). Environmental ethics is comprised of two dimensions i.e. human to nature ethics and human to human ethics. While the sustainability of the environment is the integral part of the environment protection and economic growth in the country, it is required to address this legal issue of the pollution of the global commons. Many organizations are working on this global issue as they are facing a rapid degradation in the environment because of the human pressures and the other effects of the global warming (Pretorius 2016).   

The report analyzes and discusses about the relevant ethical issues and sustainability of the pollution of the global commons.

The economic growth of a country is the essential component in the achievement of the sustainable development. The World Conservation Strategy has argued about the incompatibility of development and conservation. It stresses the fact that the growth of a country is not only possible through the protection of the environment from the pollution of global commons. The global responses play a major key role in promoting the integration, system consideration and coordination. This can help in setting the goals and developing the metrics, supporting the capacity enhancement, generating the financial resources and facilitating the best practices. At the international level, the advancement of the human being and sustainability of the environment could be fostered in the strategies and the responses associated with it. These national and regional responses were addressing the challenges related to the environment and the approaches to the polycentric governance. It recognizes the multiple settings and assumes the diverse activity centre for the given range of the capacity needs, generating the adequate responses to the environmental challenges (Ivanova et al. 2012).

Most Significant Ethical issues related to Pollution of Global Commons

Most of the Scientists are contributing in the quest for the sustainable development of the planet, but these contributions are diminishing due to the necessity of the continuous defending of the human nature. The evolution and the global warming are widely acceptable by the scientists. It cannot be flourished to the political expediency because it appears to threaten the religious beliefs and issues. The evolution of the biological needs produced in the world refers to the combination of the resource saving and environmental- friendly society. Technology can contribute in finding the solution for the problem arising due to the pollution of the global commons. Many methods and procedures are based on the system illustrating and monitoring the unresolved issues of the ecosystem (Stern 2011).  Until the unbalanced form of ecology is not eliminated completely, the human beings should reduce their demands on the global commons till the adequate capital of the ecology is accumulated. However, the assurance and the control of the data quality will be a major concern as it will have to cope with the given resources and time. The stabilization of the population is also considered to be essential as it determines the carrying capacity of the planet and the overshoot of the ecology proclaiming that the human beings had been over utilizing the resources. To the great extent, the sustainable use of the planet and the enlightened management of the global commons and the future of the technology all are at stake (Cairns 2006)

The emerging issue in the present era is the pollution of the global commons. It may be due to the past and present activities of the humans possessing a common threat to the welfare of the society. The change in the climate is expressed by the global warming. These long term changes lead to the precipitation, ocean salinity, extreme weather events, high tide levels, droughts and heat waves (Baer 2016). The global climate change brings the conflict mobilized by the scarce resources and hence, there is a need for an ethical approach to have the immediate and future implications on the people who are the immediate victims of the pollution of the global commons. The ethical issues focus on the causes and the effects of the climatic changes. It is very important to consider the ethical issues seriously because it is recognized in lowering the strengthening position of the community on the grounds of the ethics. However, the scope and the nature of the concerns related to the ethical issues are acknowledged internationally which have evolved, including the issues related to the human interactions. This generates the responsibility to mitigate and adapt the negative effects of the environment (Dadush & Shaw 2011).

Significance of Pollution of Global Commons in Business

The growing consensus of the change in the global climate is affecting the well -being of the whole economy and it unclearly defines the ethical issues of the global climate change. The pollution of the global commons results in various uncertainties making it difficult to develop some aspects of the nature. These ethical dilemmas differ from one region to another. The future generation considers the uncertainty of the ethical issues that emerges from the pollution of the global commons. The ethical values implemented into the practice and behavior of the sustainability of the global commons constitutes an important part of the nature in the environment. These ethical issues are clearly challenged by the pollution and determine the multiple choices to be considered in developing the fundamentals for establishing the opportunity in the development of sustainability of the global commons (UNESCO 2010).

For instance, the global commons encompasses with the cultural heritage of the economy. From the last few decades, the emerging market is dominated by the global economy and rebalancing its power to accompany the significant challenges faced by the pollution of the global commons. It is difficult to manage the global commons due to the changes in the climate including the natural and essential resources. However, the difference the technological capacity of the business complicates the business deals in maintaining the global commons. The advanced core of the industrial countries is developing channels of the international integration with the emerging market for the global commons. The ethical dilemmas arise during the process of maintaining the issues of the pollution of the global commons (Friends of the Earth 2016).  Moreover, these issues are emerging in allocating the resources between the industrial and developing countries. The developing countries are contributing a small share in the emission in the relative atmosphere and the cost of achieving the target is much higher than the developed and industrial countries. The sustainable development of the global commons leads to the development of the business in an economy. The positive impact of the global commons on the developing countries’ businesses improves the coordination of the agreement with the industrial countries. Increasingly, the solutions of these challenges will be critically hammered in the international market. (Dadush & Shaw 2011).

The increasing competition in the global market leads the organization to change its business policies and endowed with the large resources experiencing the high profit margin. This competition makes the organization to use resources in an unethical manner. Therefore, the consistent growth in the technology leads to the growth in the productivity of the resources but it also increases pollution in the environment. The pollution of the global commons results in the complex pattern of the industry in the long run (Rametsteiner et al. 2006).

Even though the industrial countries played a major role in causing the problems of the global environment, they should pay attention towards providing the solutions to these problems as they are damaging the global commons. Several governments have taken the measures to promote the economic efficiency of both at the national and international level to reduce the environmental degradation. These policies have significantly reduced the rates of deforestation and it preserves the valuable biodiversity. Through the elimination of the energy subsidies, the carbon emissions get reduced dramatically. The exploitation of the natural resources leads to negative impact on the national and global environment (Openknowledge 2016). 

The economic globalization has increased the economic integration and the interdependence across the globe. The people are not originally and physically envisioned to the common access of the nature. In the ecological sense, the global commons will not be managed efficiently if humankind ignores their responsibility. The ethical concern provides the tool for the effective sustainability of the global commons. The issues are widely underappreciated due to the irrelevancy of the sustainability issues arising because of the pollution of the global commons. However, efficiency in the environmental development increases the production and consumption capacity of the organization. This creates the pressure for the industry to produce the more goods with the scarce resources available. The enhanced opportunities are required to balance the ecological health, social welfare and the social equity (Kibert et al. 2016).

The industrial development pattern is increasingly replicated internationally and seeks the alternate paths to stabilize their business in the global market. The pollution of the global common is affecting the life of the community, suffering from the changes in the climatic conditions (Oikoumene 2000).

However, these phenomena have the irrevocable social and economic consequences on millions of people around the world. The ethical issues have a negative impact on the ecosystem, degrading with the increase in the worldwide sustainability. The government has promulgated many laws and regulations to protect the environment and the natural resources from the pollution. The industries should serve the social objectives and recognize the limits and imperatives related to the environment (Snape & Gunasekera 1997). The most appropriate measures need to be implemented in order to overcome with the problems of the inherited issue of pollution of the global commons. There are many challenges with this issue, pursuing the benefits for the environment, society and economy both at the micro and macro level. With variety of solutions available, the development of the sustainability of the global commons can be easily understandable (Bouteflika et al. 2011).

Utilitarianism is the most common ethical approach in the decision making with the consequences that are concerned with the large group of people. It determines the right or wrong action by which the principles of morality and laws have to be critically evaluated. This approach results in the good or bad action and tends to maximize the utility. According to the concept of utilitarianism ethics, the action is not right or wrong rather it depends on their effects. It believes that the purpose of the morality should make a better life by growing the amount of the good things. This theory has a major impact on the political, social and economic policy.  It focuses on the happiness of the majority of people.

For example:   The aspect of the utilitarianism theory justifies the analysis of cost benefit of the problems related to the global commons like climate change is one of the reasons in which many people reject it on the ethical grounds. There are multiple activities with the range of generating the adequate responses to the challenges related to the environment but it may satisfy the needs of the people (WordPress 2014).

Conclusion

This report is set off with the ambition to identify the ethics and sustainability issues of the pollution of global commons. Global commons include various things like space, climate, biodiversity, high sea marine fisheries, eco-systems etc. The change in the global climate itself is the ethical challenge related to this issue. There is a wide range of ethical challenges related to the pollution of the global commons which require a specific response in its sustainability. The global commons are over- exploited, misused and polluted which leads to pollution in the environment. Because of this pollution, there has been a drastic change in the environment and climate resulting in the rise of   global warming, acid rain and depletion of ozone layer. This may be due to the presence of externalities in the global commons. All the changes lead to an adverse impact on the human life and the quality of surroundings and ecosystems.

Therefore, awareness is rising for the need of the adoption of active global polices and strategies for developing more sustainable economic structures. Many issues have arisen related to the environment and there is a need to address them efficiently. Recently, the Ad hoc Open ended Informal Working Group has been established by the United Nations General Assembly for studying the issues related to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity.

The environmental ethics is an important dimension for developing the sustainability and achieving the benefits in the economy.

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