Overview of Diverse types and structures of Organizations

The business environment comprises all the external and internal factors that influence how the business operates including customers, supply, management, demand, business regulations, and employees. Understanding the business environment is very essential for operating a successful business unit at any place, because, factors of the environment affect all the aspects of the business, be it its location, structure, personnel policies, nature, distribution system, or product’s price (Business Studies, 2018). Hence, it very essential to analyze every aspect of the business, such as the way it operates different activities, its mission, vision, structure, and other. The aim of this report is to identify different types and structures of South East organization. It will highlight the essential aspects of three organizations of South East such as their size, scope, vision, mission, business objectives, and legal structures.

Professional Corporations

Professional corporations are those entities for which different corporation acts make distinct provision, regulating the utilization of the corporate form by approved specialists like engineers, physicians, accountants, attorneys, public accountants, and architects. The overall category of the PSC can be as C-corporation, LLC, or S-corporation, again with sub-categorization as a PSC or PC. Without the law, these types of professions will be capable to create only as a general partnership or sole proprietorship, because the beliefs, guidelines of their board of licensing prohibit organizing in a manner that confines their professional accountability towards patrons (Employment and Economic Development, 2018).

Structure of Professional Corporation

                                                                                 Source [(Creately, 2018)]

Corporations can possess several structures; however, the maximum of the organizational structure is comprised of a board of directors, officers, personnel, and owners or shareholders.

Non-profit Corporations

A non-profit corporation is said to the lawful entity that has been combined in the law of its authority for drives other than earning profits for its shareholders or owners. Based on the jurisdiction laws, a non-profit corporation may seek authorized gratitude as such and can be taxed in a different way from the profit corporations, and treated differently in numerous ways (Mancuso, 2018). Example of non-profit Corporations is Rainbow trust children’s charity.

Professional Corporations

Structure of Non-Profit Corporation

Source [(https://www.slideshare.net/NonprofitWebinars/120815-starting-a-nonprofit-organization)]

The organizational structure is one of the key aspects of every non-profit organization. Non-profits are comprised of consist of a board of directors, executive, administrative, and managerial positions (Sween, 2018).

Cooperatives

Cooperatives are planned mainly for offering service to the user-owners, in place of making a profit for shareholders. Example of Cooperatives is Virgin Airlines

Structure of Cooperatives

                                                             Source [(Weather Bureau Credit Cooperative, 2018))]

The organizational structure of a cooperative is said to gear towards self-governing control and communal decision-making. It does not have any one type of format of the organizational structure, because these types of businesses are shaped to imitate the concerns and desires of its members (Gartenstein, 2018).

Franchises

Franchising is a technique of marketing and distributing services or goods. It is a common type of business organization. Franchising is dependent on the concept of marketing that could be accepted by an organization as a policy for the expansion of the business. Wherever it is executed, a franchiser permits its knowledge, intellectual property, measures, utilization of the model of business, right to vend its services and products, using a brand; to a franchisee. Example of Franchises is Costa Coffee.

Structure of Franchises

                                                                          Source [(R&D Institute, 2018)]

Manufacturers make use of franchising to carry their offering to the market with the help of “captured” downstream system of distribution it is also known as traditional franchising (Seid, 2017).

Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity offers practical as well as emotional support to the families with children possessing terminal or life-threatening illness (Rainbow Trust, 2018). Headquarter of the charity is in Leatherhead, Surrey. The care workers of the charity are based in Cumbria, Durham, Swindon, London, Essex, Manchester, Surrey, and Southampton. In 1986, Bernadette Cleary established the Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity. The charity is famous for offering assistance to different families with children in the United Kingdom in different household works and transportation.   

Non-profit Corporations

Services – The charity assists families by offering non-medical services, like support with different everyday routines, supervision of sibling, and conveyance to and from medical activities, directing to sustain standard family life. Besides this, it also provides bereavement support.

Vision – The vision of the charity is to provide access to Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity carer to all the critically ill children.

The Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity focuses on terminal illness, palliative care, sibling support, hospital transport, life-threatening illness, home support, and bereavement support. The charity possesses nine Family Support Workers teams in the UK who offer practical and emotional support to the families, in the community, and at the hospital (Huge Box, 2018).

The objective of Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity is to offer equal opportunities and expect the support of employees in executing strategies to confirm that all personnel are rendered equal chance in promotion, training, recruitment, selection, transfer, benefits, and pay.

The organizational structure of Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity is comprised of nine teams i.e. Lancaster Team, Swindon team, Central London Team, Surrey Team, Greater Manchester Team, North East Team, West London Team, Essex Team, and Southampton Team.  

Shareholders of Charity

                                                                         Source [(Rainbow Trust, 2018))]      

Virgin Atlantic is British airline with headquarter in Crawley, United Kingdom. In 1984, the airline was founded as the Airways of British Atlantic and initially scheduled by Alan Hellary and Randolph Fields in order to operate between London and the Falkland Islands. The size of the fleet of Virgin Atlantic is 48 and offers its services to 33 destinations. Its giant stake in the airline industry has enhanced the highest business profile of Virgin. The company does not only operate airlines, but it also has a widespread business in different industries from, financial services to cosmetics and soft drinks (Virgin Atlantic, 2018). In 1970, the Virgin was originated as a business of mail order record however after some time it went on to became a retailing and music publishing private company. 

Services – The airline possesses a three-class cabin outline: Economy, Premium, and Upper Class. Premium class has a distinct area for check-in, precedence boarding, and a broader seat facility with legroom. Upper Class possesses a seat that can be converted into a comfortable bed. It was the very first airline to provide personal entertainment facilities to all the passengers in every class (Virgin Atlantic, 2018).

Cooperatives

Vision/Mission – The mission of Virgin Atlantic Airways is to hold the spirit of humanity and let it fly.

The objective of Virgin Atlantic Airways is to grow as a profitable airline that is loved by employees and passengers. Besides this, it desires to offer quality service to clients while traveling at different locations (Virgin Atlantic, 2018).

The Organizational Structure is said to be the structural outline that regulates categorized design in a company. It describes the ways coordination, task allocation, and many different activities such as direction are carried out to attain anticipated goals of the organization. Virgin Atlantic Airways possess a functional structure where the owner of the company has grouped its personnel into diverse functional spaces as per their specialization and skills. They are very conscious of the cost, therefore, desires a dynamic structure that could be amended as per the altering needs of the business.

Virgin Atlantic possess different main stakeholders and be obliged a duty of care towards every stakeholder. The company has framed different strategies such that all its stakeholders remain happy and satisfied. The main stakeholders are Employees, NGOs, Customers, Community at large, Vendors, Shareholders, and Government Agencies.

Costa Coffee is one of the known multinational coffees British company with headquarter in Dunstable, Bedfordshire. The café is a completely owned Whitbread’s subsidiary. The Coca-Cola Corporation proclaimed its purpose of purchasing Costa Limited from its parental company i.e. Whitbread PLC for around $5.1 billion. This contract is anticipated to close in 2019, which will provide the giant of cola a strong and tough platform across the Asia Pacific, Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. Costa Coffee is said to be the second biggest chain of a coffee house in the whole world, the biggest in the United Kingdom. In 1971, the Costa Coffee was established as the wholesale supplier of roasted coffee to different professional coffee shops and caterers. Whitbread acquired the business in 1995, after that the business was expanded in 31 nations with 3,401 stores. The franchise possesses 2,121 restaurants in the United Kingdom, with around 6,000 vending facilities of Costa Express (Costa Coffee, 2018).

Services – The franchise is known for supplying roasted coffee to different caterers and professional Italian shops of coffee.

Vision – The Vision of Costa Coffee is to supply true coffee in the Italian style.

Mission – The mission of Costa Coffee is to protect the world from ordinary coffee (Costa Coffee, 2018).

Franchises

The objective of Costa Coffee is to adopt the most attractive ways of marketing its offering in order to enhance its brand name. Besides this, the company desires to expand its coffee houses at different locations with the motive to serve true and tasty Italian coffee (Briggs, 2015).

The parent company of Costa Coffee i.e. Whitbread PLC separated this division into four diverse divisions that were handled by diverse teams. The Costa Company originally endorsed only vending coffee in the United Kingdom market with a slogan i.e. “Proud To Serve”. In recent times, this has been altered to a 7 self-service vending machine of coffee that is recognized by Scott Martin.

The stakeholders are the most important part of Costa Coffee as they are the reason the business is surviving in the market. Some of the stakeholders of the business are suppliers, employees, customers, governments, investors, and the environment (The Frog, 2017).

The Virgin Atlantic Airways possess different functional areas such as Sales, Operations, Creative and Design, Commercial, technology, Customer, Revenue and Customer Loyalty.

                                                                               Source [(The Official Board, 2018)]

The business structure is said to be the class of organization that is lawfully documented in a given authority and considered by the lawful description of that specific class. The Virgin Atlantic Airways is a Cooperative that is planned mainly for offering service to the user-owners, in place of making a profit for shareholders. There are different types of business structure that reflect the purpose and goal of the entity. All the business structures possess their own kind of organizational chart as well as structure. The functional areas in the organizational chart are interrelated with each other in terms of operations and support they offer.

Organizational “functions” are the diverse parts of a business i.e. sales, marketing, HR, etc. The structure of the organization is the association between these different functions. In some companies, there may be a single ‘function’ that has an enormous effect, for example, sales. As an outcome, the organizational structure may be affected in a manner that overplays to the damage of other function of the organization. To spread the example, it could be considered like how few of the tough personalities in the department of sales can avert the business from shifting its structure of the organization (i.e. from functional to the matrix or divisional).

Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity

It is the portion of the economy, at times stated as the citizen sector that is operated by private groups or individuals, frequently as an enterprise for earning profit. The purpose for private sector organizations is maintaining transparency in annual reports and financial reporting; however, the transparency is restricted to the main stakeholders in the business (Bradley, 2018).

The public sector is said to be the portion of the economy comprised of public enterprises and public services. It comprises governmental services and public goods like infrastructure, public transit, military, water supply, and police (Whitehead, 2013). The key purpose of public sector organization is to offer service to people at a similar time earning sufficient to maintain better functioning, to acquire healthier substructure and to pay its personnel. They operate on a commercial base. 

The community or voluntary sector is the responsibility of communal activity accepted by administrations that are non-governmental and non-profit organizations. The purpose of this sector is to reinforce partnership operating within the faith, not for profit, voluntary, community, social enterprise sector, and among the sector and municipal parties (Democracy Rochdale, 2018).

A company can be legally organized in numerous ways. Selecting the finest legal structure for the company is the most essential decisions are to be made. The purpose to select the legal structure for the business is to have a long-lasting legal and tax consequences (Queensland Government, 2018). 

Small Business – Sole Proprietor is said to be the type of organization that is small business possess one owner who creates a single type of service or product. The owner of the business has limitless liability for the claim in contradiction of the business that can influence the owner personally. It is restricted to domestic boundaries due to its small size (Reuting, 2014).

Medium Business – Partnership is said to be the medium size business. It can comprise from two owners to multiple partners. The business can deal in the different range of services and products; however, it is limited to a fixed place due to its size.

Large Business – Corporations can be comprised under the large businesses category. It possesses unlimited proprietors due to the transferability and stock ownership. It is boundary-less due to its sheer size that it can create goods and ship globally (Drucker, 2017).

Size, structure, and level of any business are linked with the objective of the organization. It has been observed that any business set a target as per their objective or goal only at the time when they possess a good organizational structure (Ingram, 2018). If the business possesses less number of people in its structure and none of them has the understanding about their subordinate and role then it is impossible for them to attain the set target. Besides this, any company set its goal or objective depending on its size. It the organization’s size is large and invests enormous money, and then they company set huge targets as per their objective of the business. However, all the businesses have its common goal, which is about serving consumers and makes profit, but the level of profit varies with the size. For instance, Virgin Atlantic Airways is a big organization and will set a huge target as their objective or goal.

Businesses set their objective after studying their scope. If the organization scope is about serving domestic consumers, then the objective is arranged accordingly. On the other side, if the business offer services to international consumers then it will arrange its objective accordingly (Department of Industry, Innovation, and Science, 2018). As per the service and product, a business set its size, scope, and structure. If a business observes that their offering does not need any huge organizational structure; then they avoid setting that. Moreover, if the product scope is huge then business increases its size and creates a scope.

The structure of the organization is based on the function of the business because they create their organization structure and objective depending on their role they serve to the consumers. Virgin Atlantic Airways set objective such that it can enhance productivity in its operation and make an operative administrative assembly to uphold a reputable drive of command in the business. The ultimate objective of all the business functions (marketing, human resource, production, and finance) of Virgin Atlantic Airways is to offer quality services to its customers and maintain consistency along with control in the business (Virgin, 2018). Consistency can be maintained in the company by the actual level of control and organization can regulate its business activities through the organizational structure. Virgin can attain an improved functionality of everybody associated with any kind of project possess a better understanding of their role. Hence, efficiency in setting organizational structure and actual objective can support Virgin Airways in attaining all the business functions because it will support personnel to know their role effectively. 

The functions of the organization are interrelated with each that may or may not affect the operations of each other. The interrelation of different functions is advantageous as well as disadvantageous for the organization depending on the situation. The advantage of the interrelation of functions is it helps in creating synergy. It permits different functions of the business to share knowledge, information and cooperate with each other. For example, the finance department supports the production department in managing the budget of the business. The marketing department can provide information regarding the estimated sales at the time of advertising the products. Besides this, the finance department releases a budget report for the human resource department while conducting the recruitment and selection procedure in the business. However, it has some disadvantages i.e. if there will be a lack of coordination among different functions it could result in a lot of confusion and conflicts among employees and functions of the business.               

Conclusion:

The above report has highlighted different types and structures of the organization of the southeast. All these organizations are established with a motive to offer services in the market. The Rainbow Trust Children’s Charity is a non-profit organization that supports different families to prevent their children from different diseases. Virgin Atlantic Airways is a cooperative that is established to earn a profit and offer quality services to its customers. Besides this, the report has discussed a franchise i.e. Costa Coffee famous for offering quality coffee to the customers. Moreover, the organizational chart of Virgin Atlantic Airways has been presented to highlight the interrelation between different functional areas of the organization.     

References:

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