Describe about investment game corporate finance?
The main aim of this report is to review an investment game whereby we had to invest £1,000,000 on behalf of Archie keeping in mind his needs, preferences and risk appetite. This report highlights the underlying theory, strategy employed and underlying research which was done in order to frame a customised portfolio for Archie.
According to Markowitz, it is possible to design an efficient portfolio keeping the risk appetite, preferences and needs of a particular investor in mind. In this regard, particular attention needs to be paid on the liquidity requirements, investment horizon and asset preference of the investor. Besides, it is known that investment in stocks in the form of equity can be a risky proposition hence effective diversification holds the key so that unsystematic risk associated with investing in stock can be minimised. Also it is imperative that with the change in investor needs the portfolio should also reflect the same and therefore an active involvement may be required in management of the asset portfolio (Brealey, Myers & Allen, 2008).
With regards to investing in stocks, investors and academicians suggest two basic parameters for choosing stocks namely the price of entry and the fundamental strength of the company and sector. These two core principles form the tenet of the major theories in stock investment namely technical analysis and fundamental analysis. It is normally assumed that traders go for the former while investors go for the latter primarily due to difference in their investment horizons. However some advocate that given the vagaries and unexpected movements in stock prices, it is prudent to combine both the approaches as and when possible (Damodaran, 2008).
The technical analysis is primarily based on the belief that past price movements can help in prediction of future prices and essentially relies on finding support and resistance levels through constant observation of the stock price movements. It recommends entering a stock near the support price level and booking profits near the resistance levels. During this not much importance is given to the business model and performance of the underlying company. However the fundamental analysis refutes this and relies on the fundamentals of not only the organization but the sector and economy as a whole. Investors relying on fundamental analysis typically invest in only those companies whose business they understand and believe would well in the future. Although a number of stock market participants tend to rely on at least one of these approaches, however the utility of these is refuted by the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) which is propagated by Eugene Fama and advocates that no investor can earn above average returns in the stock market on a sustainable basis and thus stock analysis through various tools is essentially a futile exercise (Parrino & Kidwell, 2011).
Our group strategy is to primarily fulfil the requirements of the clients and frame a portfolio which can give reasonable returns.
To begin with, we have tried to shortlist certain stocks/sectors that we would like to invest so as to make handsome gains in the short to medium term. These opportunities are discussed below.
The summary of trades is presented in the table shown below (Yahoo Finance, 2015).
Date |
Stock Bought |
Price (GBP) |
Quantity |
Commission |
Amount Invested |
Remaining in Bank |
4th March |
Tesco Plc |
2.42 |
120,000 |
2,904 |
290,400 |
706,696 |
13th March |
BP Plc |
4.17 |
70,000 |
2,919 |
291,900 |
411,877 |
17th March |
BHP Billiton Plc |
28.65 |
10,500 |
3,008 |
300,825 |
108,044 |
The final portfolio as on 20th March end of day is as follows (Yahoo Finance, 2015).
S.No. |
Asset |
Invested Amount |
Valuation on 20th March |
1 |
Tesco Plc |
290,400 |
293,820 |
2 |
BP Plc |
291,900 |
315,700 |
3 |
BHP Billiton Plc |
300,825 |
323,190 |
4 |
Bank Account |
108,044 |
108,044 |
Total |
|
1,040,754 |
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that within the limited knowledge and exposure that we had, we did a decent job at choosing a portfolio for Archie which fulfils most of the criteria which were given by Archie. However looking back, we felt that we could have devoted 10% of the fund value to a more aggressive small cap company which could have enhanced the returns. But lack of confidence and the fact that we were doing this for the first time made us adopt a cautious and calibrated approach. With this experience, it is apparent that going forward we can be more creative and try to make trading picks based on constant news flow which we were not able to do this time round. Additionally we would have ideally liked to have one or two more stocks in the portfolio particularly belonging to the cyclic industries such as automobiles which would result in some more diversification and may be factor in defensive sector such as pharmaceutical in case of any global crisis in the near future.
References
Brealey, R, Myers, S & Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th edition, McGraw Hill Publications, New York
Damodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, Wiley Publications Pvt. Ltd, London
Parrino, R & Kidwell, D 2011, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, Wiley Publications Pvt. Ltd, London
Yahoo Finance 2015. Historical Stock Prices, Yahoo Finance, Available [Online] from: https://uk.finance.yahoo.com (Accessed February 20, 2015)
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