Diagnoses and Health Issues

According to the provided scenario, Peter Mitchell is a 52-year-old male who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Peter was admitted to the medical community in order to reduce the issue of diabetes and other chronic disorders. This essay aim is to identify the issues and diseased faced by Peter and determine two priorities of care for improving the health of Peter Mitchell. The case study provided enough information about Peter and their health issues and this essay focus on the clinical reasoning cycle for reducing diabetes and other health issues. This essay is divided into major two sections such as priorities of cares and applies clinical reasoning cycle to peter.

As per the given case study, Peter was referred by his GP after he presented with signs of shakiness, diaphoresis and difficulty breathing whilst sleeping. Peter has been a smoker from the last 30 years and it smokes around 20 cigarettes per day that lead the issue of type 2 diabetes and obesity. At the time of his admission doctors provided numbers of medicine for improving their health which involves, insulin novomix 30 BD, metformin 1000mg BD, lisinopril 10mg, Nexium 20mg, and so on. It is analysed that Peter was an unemployed individual who receives association advantages and he lost their job three years ago.

The overall weight of Peter is around 145kg that indicate that he has signs and symptoms of the obesity disorder because their BMI level exceeds the level of obesity. Type 2 diabetes is one of the common chronic diseases that affect the function of the human body and Peter has this health issue due to which he is also suffering another health disease like obesity. From this case study, it is evaluated that Peter does not eat healthy foods and follow the exercise plan due to which he is diagnosed with obesity. provided scenario explained the medical history of peter which indicates that Peter is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 9 years ago and also face other diseases such as hypertension, sleep apnoea, gastro-oesophageal disorder.   

According to Peter lack of motivation is one of the major key factors that increase the health-related issues and he was not able to reduce their weight and reduce the level of smoking. There are various key elements that increase the problems of obesity and type 2 diabetes, for example, the use of unhealthy foods, lack of exercise and physical activities and utilization of large sugar. Moreover, smoking is another key point that leads to type 2 diabetes in peter and it affects the functions of their body system (Guilherme, Virbasius, Puri, & Czech, 2008). According to Hamilton, Hamilton, & Zderic, (2007) the obesity is defined as the health infection that occurs when the consumer eats unhealthy foods and oily items. However, Peter was also reviewed by the physiotherapist and he was commenced on light exercise in order to reduce the impact of chronic diseases. According to the world health organization smoking effect, the lungs of the human body and it also increases the problem of type 2 diabetes in consumers (Youn, et al., 2008).

Priorities of Care for Peter

Peter is a smoker which is a key point that impact on their body and increases health-related issues. For reducing the level of smoking previous physiotherapist suggested some medicine but he did not follow them on a regular basis. From this case study, it is analysed that lack of motivation, high level of smoking and large weight all these are very major factors that lead to health-related issues in Peter Mitchell. Exercise and physical activities play a significant role in the reduction of type 2 diabetes and obesity and Peter does not follow any exercise plan due to which he faced the over-weight problem (McCarthy, 2010). 

In order to control and manage chronic conditions world health organization provided several strategies in which they provided first priority to a healthy diet and physical activities. The priorities of care help patients for identifying the better option and process for reduction of health diseases (Hu, & Malik, 2010). In this modern era, it is very important that the care given is prioritised based on both clinical and patient requirements (Malik, Popkin, Bray, Després, & Hu, 2010). It is suggested that prioritisation of the peter needs for care is integral to daily nursing practice and also help them for improving their help more effectively. After analysing and evaluating chronic condition faced by peter it is argued that priorities of care support patients in the reduction of health issues in less time.

For Peter, the first priority of care is to take the proper healthy dietary plan and follow exercise or physical activities on a regular basis. In order to reduce type 2 diabetes and obesity healthy diet and exercise play a crucial role and many health care providers suggested these two steps for managing patient’s weight (Eckel, et al., 2011). The second priority of care is to interact with a specialist and highly skilled doctors and takes proper medicine on a regular basis (Klonoff, et al., 2008). With the help of these two priorities of care, the issues faced by Peter can be reduced and improve the health of Peter in an effective manner. It is critically reviewed that Peter is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with 145kg weight and he also smokes on a regular basis that impact on their body parts. In the first priority of care, Peter should follow the healthy dietary plan and reduce the level of sugar because a high level of sugar increases the rate of diabetes.

Application of Clinical Reasoning Cycle

For reducing early signs and symptoms of chronic condition both healthy food and physical activities play an important character and also reduce the risk factors associated with chronic situations (Kriewaldt, & Turnidge, 2013). It is suggested that Peter can eat healthy items like vegetables, fruits, eggs, fish and drink soft water or milk rather than beverages. The second priority of care involves specialist’s medicine, therapies and treatment methods. Moreover, nurses can help Peter in the reduction of diabetes and other health issues by motivating them. 

Health promotion and health care providers are also involved in the second priority of care because they provide a platform for understanding issues and diseases faced by the patient so, Peter can communicate with a physiotherapist. For reducing other health issues faced by peter doctors can provide better treatment options and Peter can reduce smoking and their weight because he smokes more than 20 cigarettes which is a very serious problem.  

The clinical reasoning cycle provides a platform to nurses for controlling and managing health-related issues faced by consumers (Levett, et al., 2010). It is observed that the clinical reasoning cycle has a positive impact on patient results and reduce their health issues in an effective manner (Hunter, & Arthur, 2016). The clinical reasoning is defined as the cycle which guides clinical decision making, patient’s care, and produces various strategies for reducing health issues faced by patients (Kriewaldt, Davies, Rice, Rickards, & Acquaro, 2017). However, Peter has type 2 diabetes and obesity for which the clinical reasoning cycle can be applied and nurses can easily understand the issues faced by Peter and reduce more effectively.

It is analysed that there are major eight steps of the clinical reasoning cycle consider the situation of the patient, gather information, process information, identify problems and issues, establish goals, take action, evaluate outcomes and reflect on the process and new learning (Dalton, Gee, & Levett-Jones, 2015). All these are very important stages for controlling and reducing health-related issues and nurses can apply these steps on peter for improving their health. In the first stage of the clinical reasoning cycle, the nurses should take an initial impression of the peter and identify the key features of the issues faced by peter. Collect information is another step where nurse should gather relevant data and information from Peter and obtain their viewpoints on health issues.

By using this step nurses can easily found risk factors associated with the chronic conditions faced by Peter and review the information which is currently available. In the third step, the nurse’s process gathered facts and information and identify important aberration from this information. Information is grouped into meaningful clusters, and nurses also analysis the issues faced by Peter. In the next step, the nurse identifies and detect problems faced by peter with the help of their experience and synthesises all of the information for determining the most appropriate nursing diagnoses. 

In the fifth stage of this cycle, nurses clarify and priorities the aims or objectives of care which depends on urgency. Moreover, goals must be SMART and developed for addressing the nursing diagnoses previously evaluated (Liou, et al., 2018). Take action is one of the major steps of the clinical reasoning cycle where nurses adopt an appropriate treatment option after analysing peter’s disorders. the nurse also evaluates who is the best place to undertake the interventions and it can help them for reducing type 2 diabetes and obesity from Peter.

The next step of the clinical reasoning cycle needs the nurse to re-examine aims and information of peter for evaluating how effective the nursing intervention has been enhanced. With the help of this step nurses and doctors can easily evaluate results obtained from treatment methods (Herron, Sudia, Kimble, & Davis, 2016). Reflect on the process in the last stage of the clinical reasoning cycle by which nurses can critically review their practice with a view of improvement. By using this step nurses can collect views of Peter after applying treatment processes and it also nurses for processing their knowledge and skills.

This essay is completely based on the individual case study where issues faced by Peter Mitchell are discussed and evaluated. It has been concluded that Peter is a smoker and larger weight of their body increased the problem of type 2 diabetes and obesity. This essay also explained and provided two priorities of care with proper explanation. For better understanding, the clinical reasoning cycle is applied to peter. Therefore, it is suggested that Peter should eat only healthy foods and follow a proper exercise plan in order to reduce their weight and improve health more effectively. 

References

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