131. In
the summer of 2003, some marketing pundits proclaimed the existence of a new
male market—the “metrosexual”—that was defined as straight urban men who enjoy
such things as shopping and using grooming products and services. One
researcher estimated that 30–35 percent of young American men exhibited
metrosexual tendencies, as evidenced in part by their purchase of products such
as skin-care cream and fragrances. What factors in your opinion are driving the
existence of this metrosexual market?
132. Culture is the fundamental determinant of a
person’s wants and behavior. The growing child acquires a set of values,
perceptions, preferences, and behaviors through his or her family and other key
institutions. What values are the typical American young children exposed to?

133. Explain
the concept of multicultural marketing.

134. An
opinion
leader is the person in informal, product-related communications who
offers advice or information about a specific product or product category, such
as which of several brands is best or how a particular product may be used.
According to the text, how do marketers try to reach opinion leaders?

135. The family is the most
important consumer-buying
organization in society, and family members constitute the most influential primary reference group. We can
distinguish between two family categorization in the buyer’s life. Name the two
families and their impact on buying
behavior

136. Explain the differences between a role and status.

137. Explain the concept of personality.

138. Each
person has personality characteristics that influence his or her buying
behavior. What does personality mean in terms of buying traits?

139. People
from the same subculture, social class, and occupation may lead quite different
lifestyles. A lifestyle is a person’s pattern of living in the world as expressed in activities, interests, and
opinions. Lifestyle portrays the “whole person” interacting with his or her
environment. Given this information,
describe the LOHAS (an acronym) lifestyle described in the text and its
usefulness in marketing.

140. According to Freudian theory, how can the
technique called ladderingbe used?

141. Abraham
Maslow sought to explain why people are driven by particular needs at
particular times. Describe Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. How does Maslow’s
theory help marketers?

142. Frederick
Herzberg developed a two-factor theory that distinguishes dissatisfiers and
satisfiers. How does Herzberg’s theory affect sellers marketing strategy?

143. Perception is the process by which an
individual selects, organizes, and interprets information inputs to create a
meaningful picture of the world. For
a marketer, what is the key point of perception?

144. Explain the concept of selective retention
and its association with marketing.

145. What does the learning theory teach
marketers about demand for products?

146. Describe
how the problem recognition process works in the five-stage model of the
consumer buying process.

147. Through gathering information, the consumer
learns about competing brands and
their features. The consumer will then advance through four sets with respect
to brands before a decision is reached. What are those four sets?

148. Explain the differences between a belief and an attitude.

149. Describe
the lexicographic heuristic used to make consumer choices.

150. How can marketers learn about the stages in
the buying process for their product? List and briefly characterize four
methods.