Purpose

Australia

India

Government Regulations

·         The government of Australia established standards and programs with the aid of which energy efficiency is maintained and an economic solution is adopted by the companies to change over all state of the country.

·         The country operated energy exchange management tips so that they can efficiently advice the small, medium and large Australian corporates to initiate sustainable activities (Australian Government 2017).

·         A great emphasis on laid on energy efficiency by the government. The government initiated many law such as Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, Building Energy Efficiency Disclosure (BEED) Act 2010, Ozone Protection and Synthetic Greenhouse Gas Management Amendment Act 2010, Energy Efficiency in Government Operations (EEGO) Policy (2006), Australian Government ICT Sustainability Plan (ICTSP) 2010-2015 etc. which acted in favor of the situation and issued certain legislation which helped the countrymen to implement such activities.

·         The country created $2. 55 billion Emission Reduction Fund and Safeguard Mechanism, this process complemented the Renewable energy target implemented by the country.

·         The Emission Reduction Fund stated that government will provide incentives to the company who emit less carbon as compared to their margins and imposes penalty on companies who emits more (Australian Government 2017).

·         The country made a National Energy Productivity Plan which stated regulations to improve the productivity by 40 per cent between the years 2015 and 2030.

·         India being the fourth highest energy consumer is in extreme need to implement regulation which shall help the country to make use of energy sustainably.

·         The renewable energy targets assisted the households of the country to make use of renewable technologies to develop the sustainability (Reegle 2017).

·         The Ministry of Non-Renewable Resource India implement various action plans like, Grid Interactive Renewable Power which involved the power generation through solar, wind, biomass, small hydro etc. power.

·         Also they reduced the use of fossil fuel and replaced it with some alternatives so that sustainable development is initiated in the company.

Technological innovation

·         There are a numerous innovative technologies which the government of Australia implemented so that sustainable development is initiated.

·         The country compressed the air in a container and used it as a source of creating energy. Various tools like, jackhammers, drills, spray-painters were used by companies to manufacture and generate energy from various other source. This technological innovation was originated and implemented under the surveillance of the government, also this techniques helped to use alternatives instead of wasting energy. Thus, in this way by compressing air, people of Australia made use of energy sustainably (Australian Government 2017).

·         Another way in which the country issued technological implementation in the management process is by investing in motor operation efficiently so that within minimum cost production of efficient machines is made. Such machines help the country to make use of less energy resources, due to which ultimately energy is saved and used efficiently by people prevailing in Australia. Electric model for cars was initiated so that low energy resources are reduced and environment becomes healthy. This process reduced the demand for motive power.   

·         There are a numerous technological changes which India implemented to change like initiation of low carbon emission products, distribution of on-site generation of renewable energy like solar panel etc.

·         The country initiated use of LED lights which helped the government to reduce less energy as compared to old halogens. Companies and households collectively reduced the use of energy (Ministry of new and renewable energy 2017). Apart from that the quality of product was also improved with the use of such products

·         The dignitary of ministry of climate change India affirmed that they want a sustainable growth of India with greenery all around. For that they initiated mission innovation under which 5 year clean energy development plan was introduced by the country.

Activities of private and non-governmental sectors

·         There are many co-operative societies in Australia which assisted the activities of the country to initiate sustainability in energy resources. Some are namely, Alternative Technology Association, Energy Efficiency Council etc.

·         The Alternative Technology Association serves more than 5000 members in the country. The process helps people to develop an understanding relating to sustainable use of resources in their day to day activities. It helps the company to develop good practices in their organization culture (Australian Government 2017).

·         Many plans related to the energy efficiency are implemented in India, so that future growth is sustained in the country.

·         80 per cent of oil which is consumed by citizens of India is imported from other countries, considering that effect many private sector organizations takes the initiative to spread awareness regarding the misuse of such resources.

·         Energy Conservation Act (EC Act), Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) is some of the legal bodies and acts which define and govern such activities. The private sector helps the government sector to circulate the information provided by such organization throughout the country.

Exemplar Project

·         The exemplar project for energy efficiency in Australia would define a model under which less motor vehicle are consumed by the people. Apart from that, this model shall also state the legislative regulation which the government shall impose if people emit more carbon through their activities or they waste the resources.

·         The exemplar project for the country India to initiate energy sustainability shall be actively concentrate by the government of India as India ranks one of the top countries which uses energy. So, reduction in supply of energy resources shall be initiated so that there is a decline in use and wastage of such resources.

·         Apart from that the government shall impose high tax on the consumption of such resources so that people wisely use it and do not attract penalties (MNRE 2011).

·         The common people of India shall also initiate innovative activities in their day to day activities so that they also save these resources for the future generation.

·         Lastly, sustainability is not a motive; it is a practice which shall is initiated by all people. So, a committee shall be formed in the country to monitor the activities implemented for this purpose.

Purpose

Australia

India

Government regulations

·         The department of Australian government initiated environmental sustainability policy throughout the country so as to promote sustainability by actions as well. The objective of the government with initiation of this policy is to regulate environmental performance of the country so that they do not lack behind in terms of environmental sustainability worldwide.

·         The government of Australia outlined various policies which helped the country to manage the water scarcity. Some the acts were initiated namely, Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, State Government Water Legislation and Regulations, such as the Water Management Act were introduced which defined the measures and actions of  the government to conserve water (Henley 2013).

·         National Groundwater Management Improvement Programme was initiated by the government to set measures so that ground water depletion can be controlled.

·         Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation initiated to make use of rooftop water harvesting process (Ministry of new and renewable energy 2017).

·         Also the ministry adopted budgetary system to purchase machineries for water sustainability process.

·         Apart from that Hydro-Meteorological Data Dissemination Policy by Ministry of Water Resources was originated to aim the conservation of use of water. Government bodies were authorized under this process to make them liable for the work holding in their areas.

Technological innovation

·         It has been noticed that in Australia there is irregular climate change which is adversely affecting the state of people.

·         To save water depletion from the country, they implemented technological advancement techniques like, Waterset which helped the people of Australia to use less water in their day to day activities.

·         The country developed new water sources, and recycled the energy to use water. Apart from that they build infrastructure in such a way that water co-operation activities are maintained by people in the country (Australian Government 2017).

·         The water use calculator helped people to analyze their saving plan and tailor their household activities

·         The Indian Institute of Technology Madras, initiates activities to make use of impure water to change it so that it becomes usable for people of the country (National Innovation Foundation India, 2017).

·         Many techniques like rain water syringe, water extraction etc. were implemented by the commoners of the country. They helped the people around their city to properly make use of water using such techniques.

Activities of private and non-governmental sectors

·         The water co-operation of Australia works with a motive to help people to save water and perform activities which make use of water resources efficiently.

·         The water calculator project was also initiated by the water co-operation only; they also made use of social media to spread awareness regarding adequate use of water and adequate supply of water.

·         Many private companies and nonprofit organization worked in favor to supply efficient use of water in the country. They also made use of water resources in their organization which supply optimum water to people and make less wastage (Australian Government 2017).

·         The technology present in the country India removes bacteria and microbes and other particles present in the water which make the impure. They remove those using nanoparticles of silver ions which help in destroying contaminated particles and making it useful to work (National Innovation Foundation India 2017).

·          Non-profit organizations play a significant role in India to save water. They form group and marches on road to spread awareness around the city.

·         Swajaldhara, total sanitation program etc. are some of the initiative taken by them to avoid wastage of water in household chores and factory premises.  Strict regulations were imposed on them if they do not follow such rules (Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation 2017).  

Exemplar Projects

·         The exemplar project which shall be developed by the citizen of Australia and the government shall include strict regulation for the use of water and its wastage in the environment. Awareness shall be spread to all groups of people so that they understand the need of the era.

·         Apart from that the model shall also develop tools and machines which efficiently supply water to people without wasting it.

·         The process which India shall implement to save water to through using innovative techniques and adequately implementing them in the country. Most of the activities in the country are left in the middle only due to which no effective change is created in the country. So, they shall form strategies to properly implement techniques to save water (National Innovation Foundation India 2017).