Wireless Networks and Security
Network is the interconnection of the network devices this is to ensure there is communication between the network devices. However there are various network challenges that exist and interfere with the network devices, this can lead to loss of data and authorized access to the network.
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In this report there will analysis of the wireless local area network locations where each location will have a total of ten APS (access points) and this will be analyzed their technical features and details and their security level is recorded where the recommendations are given to improve the network security.
However I selected Nyahururu town to do analysis of the network and there will be three network locations namely Network-1, Network-2 and Network-3 where each will have ten internet access points (APS) as below.
However to do the analysis of the selected network the sniffing tool will be acrylic wi-fi home application.
Record of WLAN access points at Nyahururu Town.
In my research I decided to do my network analysis in the wireless network in a big shopping centre called Nyahururu town where I sited three network locations [5]
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The network locations selected included Network-1, Network-2 and Network-3 where in each network there will be 10 internet access points but I have recorded in one table as below.
WLAN access points per network location.
- Network-1
|
Number
|
WLAN access point name(SSID).
|
|
1
|
DGS
|
|
2
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge2
|
|
3
|
HomeSacco
|
|
4
|
Olympia Guest1
|
|
5
|
BNS 0780834111
|
|
6
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge1
|
|
7
|
[Hidden]
|
|
8
|
Sherif lodge
|
|
9
|
PITAH
|
|
10
|
Wing
|
- Network-2 .
|
Number
|
WLAN access point name(SSID).
|
|
1
|
OlympiaGuest2
|
|
2
|
Mugo smkt
|
|
3
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge
|
|
4
|
Smart_life Wi-fi
|
|
5
|
Kuppet Laikipia(Telkom)
|
|
6
|
HP-Print-95-LaserJet pro MFP
|
|
7
|
ADYYVkZEMTAw
|
|
8
|
EBENEZER BEAUTY SALON
|
|
9
|
LBKC_GDa262_karanjajamesngige_GZ
|
|
10
|
No Network Found
|
|
Number
|
WLAN access point name(SSID).
|
|
1
|
ADYYSU5GSU5JWA
|
|
2
|
DIRECT -53-HP M130 LaserJet
|
|
3
|
Alphasolutions
|
|
4
|
Jeva Network
|
|
5
|
Gouanzhaou
|
|
6
|
BETTAN TELKOM
|
|
7
|
ADYYbGVubnk
|
|
8
|
ADYYVEVDTk8
|
|
9
|
TP-LINK_B224
|
|
10
|
joelkm
|
Technical information about wireless networks.
In the Nyahururu town I selected three different locations where each network location had a minimum of ten internet access points and the tables below give the summary of the technical information of those access points in each network location.
- Location one.
|
SSID
|
MAC ADDRESS
|
RSSI
|
Chan
|
802.11
|
Max speed
|
WEP
|
WPA
|
WPA2
|
WPS
|
VENDOR
|
|
DGS
|
–
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge2
|
8A:2A:A8:31:8F:75
|
-88
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
–
|
|
HomeSacco
|
B4:75:0E:A9:23:E4
|
-81
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
|
Psk-( TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-( TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
Belkin international Inc.
|
|
Olympia Guest1
|
F4:F2:6D:3B:ED:A2
|
-80
|
8+4
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
BNS 0780834111
|
D4:6E:0E:4C:B1:64
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge1
|
86:2A:AB:31:8F:75
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
–
|
|
[Hidden]
|
6C:3B:6B:F0:EC:99
|
-70
|
1
|
b,g
|
54 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
Sherif lodge
|
F4:F2:6D:F0:82:FC
|
-84
|
3+7
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
PITAH
|
98:DE:D0:9B:83:AE
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( TKIP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
Wing
|
68:7F:74:E2:82:CE
|
-82
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
ciscolinksys.LLC
|
|
OlympiaGuest2
|
68:7F:74:E2:82:CE
|
-88
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP)
|
–
|
1.0
|
ciscolinksys.LLC
|
|
Mugo smkt
|
86:2A:A8:31:93:54
|
-83
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
|
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge
|
E4:8D:8C:54:46:B9
|
-83
|
11
|
b,g
|
54 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
Smart_life Wi-fi
|
A4:2B:B0:CC:46:12
|
-90
|
9+5
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
Kuppet Laikipia(Telkom)
|
E4:8D:8C:F6:F8:FF
|
-79
|
11
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
HP-Print-95-LaserJet pro MFP
|
D8:FE:E3:4E:CA:CD
|
-90
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
ADYYVkZEMTAw
|
34:68:95:19:8E:95
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
|
Hon Hai Precision Ind.C
|
|
EBENEZER BEAUTY SALON
|
4E:4E:03:14:9B:C0
|
-90
|
11
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
LBKC_GDa262_karanjajamesngige_GZ
|
F4:F2:6D:D3:47:04
|
-89
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
No Network Found
|
7A:FF:CA:23:63:32
|
-77
|
6+10
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
|
|
ADYYSU5GSU5JWA
|
82:19:67:35:Fo:3c
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
DIRECT -53-HP M130 LaserJet
|
92:CD:B6:2D:54:53
|
-89
|
6
|
g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Alphasolutions
|
28:FF:3E:EA:0D:DA
|
-89
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
130 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Jeva Network
|
FA:F2:6D:A3:C7:56
|
-89
|
2+6
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(|CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
Gouanzhaou
|
60:E3:27:BB:85:2C
|
-90
|
6+10
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
BETTAN TELKOM
|
78:542E:7B:AD:21
|
-89
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
ADYYbGVubnk
|
C0:9F:05:FF:F0:05
|
-84
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
ADYYVEVDTk8
|
82:19:67:2E:F9:EE
|
-85
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
TP-LINK_B224
|
98:DE:D0:9B:B2:24
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
Joelkm
|
46:04:44:1F:D0:E6
|
-25
|
7
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
Testing the WLAN sniffing tool (Acrylic WI-FI Home).
The network security has been tested using a specific tool called acrylic wi-fi home application which I used to detect the technical information about the wireless networks and their respective security status as in the below tables.
Observations report.
After the testing of the network locations and the respective wireless networks ,the following are the observations made as summarized in the below tables.
Tables for each location containing all technical details about WLAN setup from the findings.
The tables below consists of the detailed information of the each location which has a total of 10 APS each location as shown below.
- Location one.
|
SSID
|
MAC ADDRESS
|
RSSI
|
Chan
|
802.11
|
Max speed
|
WEP
|
WPA
|
WPA2
|
WPS
|
VENDOR
|
|
DGS
|
–
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge2
|
8A:2A:A8:31:8F:75
|
-88
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
–
|
|
HomeSacco
|
B4:75:0E:A9:23:E4
|
-81
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
|
Psk-( TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-( TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
Belkin international Inc.
|
|
Olympia Guest1
|
F4:F2:6D:3B:ED:A2
|
-80
|
8+4
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
BNS 0780834111
|
D4:6E:0E:4C:B1:64
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge1
|
86:2A:AB:31:8F:75
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
–
|
|
[Hidden]
|
6C:3B:6B:F0:EC:99
|
-70
|
1
|
b,g
|
54 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
–
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
Sherif lodge
|
F4:F2:6D:F0:82:FC
|
-84
|
3+7
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
PITAH
|
98:DE:D0:9B:83:AE
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( TKIP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
Wing
|
68:7F:74:E2:82:CE
|
-82
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
ciscolinksys.LLC
|
- Location two.
|
SSID
|
MAC ADDRESS
|
RSSI
|
Chan
|
802.11
|
Max speed
|
WEP
|
WPA
|
WPA2
|
WPS
|
VENDOR
|
|
OlympiaGuest2
|
68:7F:74:E2:82:CE
|
-88
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP)
|
–
|
1.0
|
ciscolinksys.LLC
|
|
Mugo smkt
|
86:2A:A8:31:93:54
|
-83
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
|
|
|
Bettan Hotel & Lodge
|
E4:8D:8C:54:46:B9
|
-83
|
11
|
b,g
|
54 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
Smart_life Wi-fi
|
A4:2B:B0:CC:46:12
|
-90
|
9+5
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
Kuppet Laikipia(Telkom)
|
E4:8D:8C:F6:F8:FF
|
-79
|
11
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
|
Routerboard.com
|
|
HP-Print-95-LaserJet pro MFP
|
D8:FE:E3:4E:CA:CD
|
-90
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
ADYYVkZEMTAw
|
34:68:95:19:8E:95
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
65 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
|
Hon Hai Precision Ind.C
|
|
EBENEZER BEAUTY SALON
|
4E:4E:03:14:9B:C0
|
-90
|
11
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
LBKC_GDa262_karanjajamesngige_GZ
|
F4:F2:6D:D3:47:04
|
-89
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK technologies
|
|
No Network Found
|
7A:FF:CA:23:63:32
|
-77
|
6+10
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
|
- Location three.
|
SSID
|
MAC ADDRESS
|
RSSI
|
Chan
|
802.11
|
Max speed
|
WEP
|
WPA
|
WPA2
|
WPS
|
VENDOR
|
|
ADYYSU5GSU5JWA
|
82:19:67:35:Fo:3c
|
-89
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
DIRECT -53-HP M130 LaserJet
|
92:CD:B6:2D:54:53
|
-89
|
6
|
g,n
|
144.4 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Alphasolutions
|
28:FF:3E:EA:0D:DA
|
-89
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
130 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
Jeva Network
|
FA:F2:6D:A3:C7:56
|
-89
|
2+6
|
b,g,n
|
300 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(|CCMP)
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
Gouanzhaou
|
60:E3:27:BB:85:2C
|
-90
|
6+10
|
b,g,n
|
150 Mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
BETTAN TELKOM
|
78:542E:7B:AD:21
|
-89
|
1
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
1.0
|
D-Link international
|
|
ADYYbGVubnk
|
C0:9F:05:FF:F0:05
|
-84
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
ADYYVEVDTk8
|
82:19:67:2E:F9:EE
|
-85
|
6
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
open
|
–
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
|
TP-LINK_B224
|
98:DE:D0:9B:B2:24
|
-90
|
1+5
|
b,g,n
|
150 mbps
|
–
|
–
|
Psk-( CCMP)
|
1.0
|
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES.
|
|
Joelkm
|
46:04:44:1F:D0:E6
|
-25
|
7
|
b,g,n
|
72.2 Mbps
|
–
|
Psk-(TKIP|CCMP)
|
–
|
1.0
|
–
|
Screenshots and detailed explanations for reporting working mechanism.
To identify the network details of the wireless network I used the acrylic wi-fi home application to scan the network technical details and securities [4].
Below are screenshots showing the evidence of the technical details.
Steps of identifying the technical details.
Download acrylic WIFI home.
install the application .
Run the application.
Start the application.
However after obtaining the network in the various networks locations below are the network security details of each wireless network in each three locations as in below screenshots [3]..
Explanation of the use of the technique to secure and/or manage WLAN.
The acrylic sniffing tool is network analysis tool that is used to analyze the wireless networks in various locations; this tool has various uses in relation to securing and management of the Wireless Local area network (WLAN) which includes:
- It displays the information about Connections by the clients: Acrylic is able to display the Wi-Fi access points in form of a list and the devices that are connected to those particular networks.
- Ease to obtain Wi-fi Devices: The user is able to get the lists of the wifi devices that are in the range using the computer devices.
- Able to get qualities of wi-fi Signals: The tool users are able to determine how strong the wifi signals are in various network devices and hotspots devices.
- Enable identification of network Channels: This is because the networks do distribute networks using the network channels which has varying frequencies ranging from 2.4ghz to 5ghz.
- It enables the Listing of requested networks: The computer devices are able to access the network that they connected to previously and thus acrylic wi-fi is able to record them.
- It provides the Devices details: This is where the network devices when connected sends their details using the packets through the wi-fi and that information entails also their models as well.
Dual bands and its advantages.
The dual band are type of routers that are able to make use of two signals which are different where one is from 2.4GHZ bands while other is from 5GHZ bands.
Below are the advantages of dual bands routers.
- It’s better than the wireless bandwidths since it uses 2.4 GHz and 5GHz bands.
- Its highly recommended and dedicated WiFi Networks to stream videos and pray games.
- There is minimal interferences since the networks are separated.
- It has two separated simultaneous Wifi networks that work together.
Security implications of the network tool.
The acrylic wi-fi home sniffing tool has various advantages and it is also important to ensure there is network security as follows.
- Identifying of the Wi-Fi Passwords: The acrylic tool is used to identify the passwords of the routers that supply the wifi ,this is because routers are initially configured by the manufactures this is by help of devices names and the mac-addresses [1].
- Wi-Fi authentications and Encryptions: The tool is used to tell how secure the network wifi is and thus incase is in open state it shows that the network can be accessed without using the passwords and the secure encryption is set using CCMP or TKIP for the WPA or WPA2 networks
References.
[1] M.Alfred,Handbook of Applied Cryptography. North Carolina:CRC Press, 2015.
[2] S.Bruce , Applied Cryptography.New York: John Wiley & Sons publishers, 2014.
[3] S.Douglas ,Cryptography Theory and Practice. North Carolina: CRC Press, 2016
[4] G.Simson , Web Security, Privacy & Commerce.Boston: O’Reilly, 2015.
[5] A.Ross , Security Engineering.New York: John Wiley & Sons publishers, 2014.
